The development of China's talc industry can be roughly divided into three stages: the 1960s 1970s was the initial stage, talc production was mainly based on simple artificial mining, the productivity was quite low; the 1980s 1990s were the rapid rise stage, this period The characteristics of the industry are semi-manual semi-mechanical mining, ordinary talc processing equipment, the formation of three major white talc production bases; the end of the 1990s has been in the stage of product mature development, the industry’s characteristics are "structural changes, capacity expansion, process Improve stabilize the market". Most of the key production enterprises have formed an independent relatively complete operation system of mining, selection, processing, sales, transportation, have their own relatively stable domestic foreign sales markets. Talc Masterbatch

1. Industrial capital production capacity

1. Significant changes have taken place in the industrial capital structure. With the reform of the property rights system of state-owned enterprises, a large number of private capital has entered the industry in recent years, the capital structure of the industry has undergone major changes. The proportion of state-owned enterprises has dropped sharply, the proportion of joint-stock enterprises private enterprises has risen rapidly. Among them, Liaoning is the largest, followed by Shandong, Guangxi third.

2. Standardized mining stable production capacity. For a long time, the talc industry has been in a situation of large number of enterprises, small scale, over-exploitation, disorderly competition. Through years of rectification control of illegal mining, waste of resources, unsafe production, etc., many small mines small stopes have been closed, suspended eliminated, the mining order tends to be standardized. At the same time, large medium-sized key enterprises in the industry have improved their management level through the establishment of a modern enterprise system. With the advantages of resources, capital, technology, market, their production scale has been continuously expanded, which has greatly increased the industry's production capacity concentration, has more than 80% of the industry's production capacity. In the hands of 10% of the backbone enterprises.

2. Reserves distribution of talc resources

Talc is one of the dominant minerals in my country's non-metallic minerals. The high-grade talc produced in China is known for its high whiteness, pure texture, few harmful ingredients. It enjoys a high reputation in the domestic foreign markets, its output ranks first in the world. my country's talc resources are widely distributed relatively concentrated. 15 provinces across the country have discovered talc of different reserves grades. The five provinces with larger reserves are Liaoning, Shandong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Qinghai, which have more than 90% of the national talc reserves. Among them, Liaoning, Shandong, Guangxi provinces with large reserves production have become the main production supply areas of my country's three main high-quality white talc. The talc resources in Jiangxi are mainly black talc, which has a high whiteness after calcination, is now in the primary development stage. Talc resources in Qinghai Province have yet been developed on a large scale due to various factors such as geographic location traffic conditions. In addition, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Hubei, Fujian, Xinjiang other places have different reserves of white talc. According to statistics the Ministry of Land Resources in 2004, my country has 54.456 million tons of talc reserves, 94.476 million tons of basic reserves, 152.3357 million tons of resources, 24.833 million tons of resource reserves. The basic reserves of talc resources in Liaoning are 25.262 million tons, the basic reserves in Shandong are 25.574 million tons, the basic reserves in Guangxi are 10.945 million tons.

According to preliminary statistics, there are 43 talc deposits nationwide, including 8 large-scale deposits (greater than 5 million tons), 17 medium-sized deposits (1-5 million tons), 18 small-scale deposits. Large-scale mines with more than 10 million tons are successively Fanjiapuzi Talc Mine in Haicheng City, Liaoning Province, Jizha Talc Mine in Longsheng County, Guangxi, Baoshikuang Talc Mine in Qixia, Shandong, Xitan Talc Mine in Guangfeng, Jiangxi, Pingtang Talc Mine in Heyuan, Jiangxi, West mining area of Mangya mine field in Qinghai.

Talc in my country can be roughly classified into three geological types. One is accompanied by magnesia carbonate deposits, which are white talc have good quality, such as the talc mines in Liaoning, Shandong, Guangxi Shaanxi; the second is ultrabasic rock deposits, whose ores are often accompanied by magnesite, serpentine, Diopside, chlorite, magnetite, such as talc mines in Putian, Fujian Kumish in Xinjiang; third, black talc "sedimentary deposits, often associated with quartz, calcite, dolomite, montmorillonite, etc., such as Guangfeng, Jiangxi , Yushan, Shangrao, Shimen in Hunan, Nantong in Chongqing other places.

According to the above-mentioned reserves of talc resources, (1) At present, my country's talc resources are still mainly produced in Liaoning, Shandong, Guangxi, other provinces have found large-scale deposits comparable to talc grades, reserves mining conditions. (2) Although large reserves of resources are found, high-quality high-grade white talc (whiteness above 85 degrees, loss on ignition below 8.5%) accounts for less than 30% of the total reserves of talc, those below 85 degrees Most of the low grade talc. At present, the three major producing areas of Liaoning, Shandong, Guangxi are in varying degrees of high-grade talc in short supply, low-price competition of low- medium-grade talc. The main reasons: First, after decades of mining, large-scale mines have entered the mid-term stage of mining, small medium-sized mines have entered are about to enter a period of exhaustion; second, the rapid development of the national economy has driven scientific technological progress the rise of new material industries, high-grade talc The application field of resources is constantly expanding. Especially in the eastern coastal areas, with the rapid development of downstream industries such as papermaking, plastics, medicine, cosmetics, etc., the demand for high-grade talc products has soared. Third, Japanese manufacturers have been purchasing talc raw materials my country for many years. Other countries have also increased their procurement of high-grade talc in my country, the number of purchases has increased year by year, a large amount of Chinese talc has been exported to foreign markets. It can be seen that the supply of high-grade talc resources in my country will become more more serious.

Three, production

Most of the talc mining in our country uses mechanical manual methods. Open-pit mining on hillsides is easier to mine, such as the Guping Jizha talc mines in Longsheng County, Guangxi, followed by sunken open-pit mining, such as the Zhifang deposit in Pingdu, Shandong Province. In addition, most of them are underground mining, mining in flat lanes, inclined shafts, shafts, etc., combined mining of the two methods. Natural caving is commonly used in mining. As my country's talc is restricted by low prices, whether it is open-pit mining underground mining, the cost of mining must be minimized.

In recent years, the annual output of talc in my country has basically remained at about 2.5 million tons. At present, the larger talc production areas are concentrated in Haicheng, Liaoning, the talc production in Liaoning is about 1 million tons; Guangxi production areas are mainly concentrated in Longsheng, Shanglin Huanjiang, with an annual output of 500,000 to 600,000 tons; Shandong Regional talc is mainly found in Pingdu, Laizhou, Qixia other places, with an annual output of about 40-50 million tons, the output in other regions is estimated to be about 500,000 tons.

The processing of talcum powder in my country mainly adopts dry processing, the equipment used is mainly Raymond machine, mechanical impact mill, jet mill, various ball mills other mills are less used. In the 1980s, the processing equipment for talc powder was mainly the traditional Raymond machine; in the early 1990s, the disc jet mill the introduction of the MNC502 impact superfine pulverizer Japan's Hosokawa company began to process ultrafine talcum powder; After the mid-term, fluidized bed type counter-jet jet mill dry powder classifier have been widely used.

At present, Chinese talc manufacturers have basically mature technology ability to produce talc powder of 45μm-5μm even smaller. Papermaking, medicine, cosmetics, ceramic powder can all meet the quality requirements of downstream industries. Liaoning Aihai Talc Mining Co., Ltd. has developed special powder for modified plastics, Shandong Pingdu Talc Mining Co., Ltd. has developed special powder for microporous ceramics, Haicheng Fuhai High-grade Talc Powder Company Tsinghua University are jointly developing nano-talc powder. This reflects a certain level that my country's talc product research development capabilities processing technology have reached a new level.

Of course, there is still a big gap between my country's talc product research development capabilities processing technology compared with the world's advanced level. The Chinese Talc Association organized talc factory (mining) companies to study in Europe Australia. European multinational companies such as Luznak, Omiya, Imifabi lead the world in talc processing technology. The talc processing technology of these companies is The technology truly embodies the characteristics of large-scale automated modern production. For example, Luznak Company processes 1.4 million tons of talc annually has branches, branches offices all over the world. The advanced product research development capabilities of these companies, the ability to open up the international market, the application level of new processes new technologies are beyond the reach of Chinese talc companies. At present, the frequent exchanges cooperation between European talc companies the Chinese talc industry will surely promote the improvement of the overall level of China's talc industry.

Four, market application

Talc is mainly used in papermaking, plastics, coatings, paints, ceramics, rubber, waterproof materials, medicine, cosmetics other industries, the application fields are more complicated. In summary, the current domestic market has a huge capacity, products of different grades have different markets. low-grade talc with very low content to high-purity superior talc, 325 mesh ordinary powder to several thousand mesh fine powder, each has its own market. Generally speaking, 325 mesh talc with better purity is mostly used in small medium-sized paper mills, high-purity talc is mostly used in coatings, paint, medicine, cosmetics, plastics other industries, black talc is mostly used in the ceramic industry. In recent years, the rapid growth of paper production has driven the consumption of talc in the paper industry. Papermaking is still a large consumption area of talc, talc used in papermaking can account for about 50% of the domestic market talc consumption. In recent years, with the development utilization of domestic calcium carbonate the popularization of neutral sizing technology in the paper industry, the consumption of talc in the paper industry has declined, but the total amount has remained above 1 million tons per year. At present, the application development trend of talc in the paper industry have attracted much attention the industry.

With the development of the plastics industry, the application fields of talc powder are becoming wider wider. As a functional filler, it is mainly used for modification of polypropylene for the production of plastics in the automobile industry home appliance industry. A small amount of talc is also used in polystyrene, nylon, polystyrene. Vinyl PVC.

As a filler, talc can only save the amount of resin used, but also significantly increase the rigidity, impact, creep resistance, hardness, surface scratch resistance, heat resistance, heat deformation temperature of the product. For the modification of polypropylene plastics used in automobiles home appliances, the cost performance of talc is unmatched by any other non-metallic mineral materials. The domestic market uses about 100,000 tons of talc for plastics every year.

Five, there are problems

1. The resource consumption rate is too fast, highlighting the shortage of high-quality resources. At present, my country is in the initial stage of industrialization, the growth in demand for resource consumption is higher than the growth rate of the national economy. The talc industry pursues rapid development like other industries, has paid a great resource price. On the other hand, the state has almost no investment in exploration for talc resources, private prospecting is large-scale, occasionally new mines are discovered, all of which are scattered small mines, the resource grade is low, it cannot be used as a replacement for existing mines. .

2. The industry's overall R&D capability technical level are relatively low, which is far behind the advanced level of foreign countries. Mainly manifested in: (1) Lack of industrialized high-purity processing technology equipment, the products cannot meet the needs of some high-tech products; (2) Ultra-fine crushing fine grading equipment is in large-scale production, refined product quality, intelligent process control, There are certain defects in wear control equipment stability; (3) The quality of surface modified products for special purposes needs to be improved.

As talc products are more more widely used in the new material industry, the requirements for deep processing technology are getting higher higher. Traditional processing technology quality requirements cannot meet the needs. For example, many downstream products only require traditional physical chemical indicators, but also require strength distribution, particle shape crystal structure, etc., domestic processing technology is often difficult to achieve.

3. Paid bidding for export talc quota has a major impact on the industry. Talc is just an ordinary, low-value non-metallic mineral. It is neither a nationally sensitive strategic material, nor a mineral involving national security, energy security, resource security. The management of paid bidding for export quotas has always existed. Legitimacy issues. Moreover, in the 11-year bidding process, there were too many policy issues. In September 2005, the National Talc Industry Working Conference formed a resolution to strongly demand the cancellation of the management of paid bidding for export quotas.

First of all, due to the influence of the bidding price, the varieties on the foreign purchase orders have undergone a fundamental change. The main goal is to buy high-grade talc, to buy less to buy medium low-grade talc ore talc powder. Distortion of China's talc export trade: high-grade rich ore is in short supply, medium low-grade raw ore talc powder lose their competitiveness, a large amount of backlog discarded. It has fundamentally damaged the foundation of the development of China's talc industry violated the national basic policy of comprehensive development utilization of mineral resources.

Secondly, companies pay hundreds of thousands of winning bids each year, several million more. In the 11-year bidding process, the winning bids paid by enterprises totaled millions tens of millions. It is estimated that the total amount of winning bids nationwide will be at least 600-700 million yuan. Essentially, these are the legitimate profits of the company. In such a business environment, which foreign company dares to invest cooperate in China's talc industry? Without funds, companies are unable to build experimental research bases improve R&D capabilities; they are unable to adopt new technologies, update equipment, develop new products; they are unable to improve the ecological environment increase safety in production. Exhaustion has led to difficulties in industrial upgrading lack of stamina for industry development.

4. There is a big contrast between the import export prices of talc. For many years, my country's talc exports are mostly based on raw materials. The Japanese market has demand for high, medium low-grade talc, while the European market is very fond of our domestic talc ore with a whiteness of more than 90 degrees. Among a large number of talc export products, raw ore primary processed products still account for a large proportion, the price is between tens to hundreds of dollars, which is far lower than the international market price. Some high-tech talc products urgently needed in China still need to be imported at high prices developed countries. The average price is more than US$400-500 per ton, which is a huge contrast.

6. Industry development prospects

1. Increase the exploration of talc resources increase resource reserves. The focus of prospecting is to further expand the scope of prospecting in the main production area, the second is to increase prospecting in the central northwestern regions based on geological data to fill the gaps in the region. The investment of exploration funds can be market-oriented, organized by industry associations, combined state funds private funds.

2. Speed up the adjustment of industrial structure. Encourage companies to break through regional boundaries, based on the four major talc producing areas of Liaoning, Shandong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, through different forms of reorganization mergers, to form large-scale enterprise groups, to further increase industrial concentration, to use the comprehensive power of the industry to compete with foreign mining multinational companies Competition to break the monopoly of foreign companies in the international market. At the same time, a number of industrialization demonstration bases for the development utilization of regional superior talc resources will be selectively built to make them become new economic growth points as soon as possible.

3. Build an independent innovative industry. Taking scientific technological innovation as the driving force, making full use of the advantages characteristics of my country's talc resources, forming an industrial chain with independent intellectual property rights, promoting the development of the industry extensive to intensive.

4. Regulate control the total amount of talc resource mining export, increase the added value of products. At present, we must abandon the outdated concept of winning by quantity selling at low prices, reduce quantity increase efficiency, improve the added value of products competitiveness in the international market. China's talc exports must implement the principle of reduction, it is an inevitable way to change the growth mode of product exports. Over the years, the growth of my country's talc export has mainly relied on incremental growth low-price competition. As a result, resources have been wasted, the environment has been polluted, enterprises have resorted to unfair competition methods. Therefore, the implementation of the principle of reduction is to regulate the total export volume, increase the exchange rate per unit quantity of products, realize the transformation the increase in quantity to the increase in quality, increase the resource utilization rate in the export of talc products.

5. Further implement the scientific development concept insist on putting resource conservation in the first place. As far as my country's talc industry is concerned, the level of resources is still the decisive factor for industrial development, it is necessary to avoid seeking temporary development at the cost of excessive consumption of resources. At the same time, resource development utilization must be equally important to ecological environmental protection to ensure the sustainable harmonious development of the industry.